Bharat Ratna Awards: History and Significance. भारत रत्न पुरस्कार: इतिहास और महत्व।
भारत रत्न भारतीय गणराज्य का सर्वोच्च नागरिक पुरस्कार है। 2 जनवरी 1954 को स्थापित, यह पुरस्कार जाति, व्यवसाय, स्थिति या लिंग के भेदभाव के बिना “उच्चतम स्तर की असाधारण सेवा/प्रदर्शन” की मान्यता में प्रदान किया जाता है।
History: 2 जनवरी 1954 को, राष्ट्रपति के सचिव के कार्यालय से एक प्रेस विज्ञप्ति जारी की गई जिसमें दो नागरिक पुरस्कारों के निर्माण की घोषणा की गई – सर्वोच्च नागरिक पुरस्कार भारत रत्न (भारत का गहना), और तीन स्तरीय पद्म विभूषण, जिसे वर्गीकृत किया गया है। “पहला वर्ग” (कक्षा I), “दसरा वर्ग” (कक्षा II), और “तिसरा वर्ग” (कक्षा III), जो भारत रत्न से नीचे रैंक करते हैं। 15 जनवरी 1955 को, पद्म विभूषण को तीन अलग-अलग पुरस्कारों में पुनर्वर्गीकृत किया गया; पद्म विभूषण, तीनों में सर्वोच्च, उसके बाद पद्म भूषण और पद्म श्री।
Credit of the Picture: Study Wrap
पात्रता:
भारत रत्न का उपयोग उपसर्ग या प्रत्यय के रूप में नहीं किया जा सकता है, हालांकि प्राप्तकर्ता खुद को “राष्ट्रपति द्वारा भारत रत्न से सम्मानित” या “भारत रत्न पुरस्कार प्राप्तकर्ता” के रूप में पहचान सकते हैं। पुरस्कार में कोई मौद्रिक लाभ नहीं है, लेकिन पुरस्कार में निम्नलिखित अधिकार शामिल हैं:
- भारत के राष्ट्रपति द्वारा हस्ताक्षरित एक सनद (प्रमाणपत्र).
- किसी राज्य के भीतर यात्रा करते समय राज्य सरकारों द्वारा राज्य अतिथि के रूप में व्यवहार.
- विदेश में भारतीय मिशनों ने अनुरोध किए जाने पर प्राप्तकर्ताओं को सुविधा प्रदान करने का अनुरोध.
- राजनयिक पासपोर्ट का अधिकार.
- भारतीय वरीयता क्रम में सातवें स्थान पर रखा गया ध्वज वाहक.
- एयर इंडिया पर रियायती किराया.
इस वर्ष सरकार ने यह पुरस्कार भारत के 5 प्रतिष्ठित व्यक्तियों श्री कर्पूरी ठाकुर, श्री लाल कृष्ण आडवाणी, चौधरी चरण सिंह और डॉ. एम एस स्वामीनाथन को देने का निर्णय लिया है।
List Of Recipients 1954-2024(प्राप्तकर्ताओं की सूची 1954-2024):
| Bharat Ratna 1954 | C. Rajagopalachari | Activist, statesman, and lawyer |
| Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan | India’s first Vice-President and second President | |
| C. V. Raman | Physicists, mathematicians, and scientists | |
| Bharat Ratna 1955 | Bhagwan Das | Activist, philosopher, and educationist |
| M. Visvesvaraya | Civil engineer, statesman, and Diwan of Mysore | |
| Jawaharlal Nehru | Activist and author served as the Prime Minister of India | |
| Bharat Ratna 1957 | Govind Ballabh Pant | Activist and first Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh |
| Bharat Ratna 1958 | Dhondo Keshav Karve | Social reformer and educator |
| Bharat Ratna 1961 | Bidhan Chandra Roy | Physician, political leader, philanthropist, educationist, and social worker |
| Purushottam Das Tandon | Activist and speaker of the United Provinces Legislative Assembly | |
| Bharat Ratna 1962 | Rajendra Prasad | Activist, lawyer, statesman, and scholar |
| Bharat Ratna 1963 | Zakir Husain | Activist, economist, and education philosopher served as a Vice-Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University and the Governor of Bihar |
| Pandurang Vaman Kane | Indologist and Sanskrit scholar, known for his five-volume literary work | |
| Bharat Ratna 1966 | Lal Bahadur Shastri | Activist and served as the second Prime Minister of India |
| Bharat Ratna 1971 | Indira Gandhi | First women Prime Minister of India |
| Bharat Ratna 1975 | V. V. Giri | Trade Unionist |
| Bharat Ratna 1976 | K. Kamaraj | Independence activist and statesman, former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu |
| Bharat Ratna 1980 | Mother Teresa | Catholic nun and the founder of the Missionaries of Charity. |
| 1983 | Vinoba Bhave | Activist, social reformer, and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi |
| Bharat Ratna 1987 | Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan | First noncitizen, independence activist |
| Bharat Ratna 1988 | M. G. Ramachandran | Actor turned politician, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu |
| Bharat Ratna 1990 | B.R. Ambedkar | Social reformer and leader of the Dalits |
| Nelson Mandela | Leader of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa, President of South Africa | |
| Bharat Ratna 1991 | Rajiv Gandhi | Gandhi was the ninth Prime Minister of India serving from 1984 to 1989. |
| Vallabhbhai Patel | Activist and first Deputy Prime Minister of India | |
| Morarji Desai | Activist, and Prime Minister of India | |
| Bharat Ratna 1992 | Abul Kalam Azad | Activist and first Minister of education |
| J. R. D. Tata | Industrialist, philanthropist, and aviation pioneer | |
| Satyajit Ray | Director, filmmaker, writer, novelist | |
| Bharat Ratna 1997 | Gulzarilal Nanda | Activist, and interim Prime Minister of India. |
| Aruna Asaf Ali | Activist | |
| A.P.J Abdul Kalam | Aerospace and defense scientist | |
| Bharat Ratna 1998 | M. S. Subbulakshmi | Carnatic classical vocalist |
| Chidambaram Subramaniam | Activist and former Minister of Agriculture of India | |
| Bharat Ratna 1999 | Jayaprakash Narayan | Activist, and social reformer |
| Amartya Sen | Economist | |
| Gopinath Bordoloi | Activist | |
| Ravi Shankar | Musician, sitar player | |
| Bharat Ratna 2001 | Lata Mangeshkar | Singer |
| Bismillah Khan | Hindustani classical shehnai player | |
| Bharat Ratna 2009 | Bhimsen Joshi | Hindustani classical vocalist |
| Bharat Ratna 2014 | C. N. R. Rao | Chemist and professor, author |
| Sachin Tendulkar | Cricketer | |
| Bharat Ratna 2015 | Madan Mohan Malaviya | Scholar and educational reformer. |
| Atal Bihari Bajpayee | Elected nine times to the Lok Sabha, twice to the Rajya Sabha, and served as the Prime Minister of India for three terms. | |
| Bharat Ratna 2019 | Pranab Mukherjee | Indian politician, and senior leader in the Indian National Congress. |
| Nanaji Deshmukh | A social activist from India, education, health, and rural self-reliance. | |
| Bhupen Hazarika | Indian playback singer, lyricist, musician, singer, poet, and filmmaker from Assam. | |
| Bharat Ratna 2024 (Posthumously) | Karpoori Thakur | A renowned socialist leader and former Chief Minister of Bihar |
| Bharat Ratna 2024 | Lal Krishna Advani | A Veteran Bhartiya Janta Party Leader and Hinduist. |
| Bharat Ratna 2024 | PV Narsimha Rao | Former Prime Minister and contribute a lot to reform the India. |
| Bharat Ratna 2024 | Chaudhary Charan Singh | A former Jaat Prime Minister who work and fights for the rights of farmers. |
| Bharat Ratna 2024 | MS Swaminathan | Father of Green Revolution and a great Scientist |
Bharat Ratna Awards: History and Significance. भारत रत्न पुरस्कार: इतिहास और महत्व।